前言，这里用的是springboot+vue前后端分离

首先我们把需要下载的文件放入到resource目录下面

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/excelDown")
@Slf4j
public class InvestExcelDownController {//下载模板@PostMapping("/download")public void downloadFile(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {System.out.println("进入了下载模板");String filePath = "你的文件路径"; // 文件路径File file = new File(filePath);if (file.exists()) {response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + file.getName());try (InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream()) {byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int len;while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {outputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}

接下来是后端的编写，下面是常用到的相对路径下载

       System.out.println("进入了下载模板");File file = ResourceUtils.getFile("classpath:ExcelDownTemplate/文件名");// 文件路径

       <div slot="footer" class="dialog-footer"><el-link type="info" style="font-size:12px" @click="importTemplate">下载对应模板</el-link><el-button type="primary" @click="submitFileForm">确 定</el-button><el-button @click="upload.open = false">取 消</el-button></div>

触发点击事件，路径对应上即可下载

importTemplate(){console.log("下载开始")this.download('excelDown/download', {...this.queryParams}, `模板${new Date().getTime()}.xlsx`)}

 效果如下，点击下载，就会自动去下载设置好的文件