在当今的数字化时代，数据存储已经成为一项至关重要的任务。随着业务的增长和数据的增加，选择一个高效、可靠且易于管理的存储解决方案变得越来越重要。Minio是一个开源的云存储工具，具有强大的功能和可扩展性，为企业提供了可靠的存储解决方案。

一、Minio的特性

Minio是一个高性能、可扩展的对象存储服务器，具有以下特性：

1. 可扩展性：Minio可以轻松地扩展到数百个节点和数十PB的存储容量。
2. 云原生：Minio可以轻松地与云服务提供商集成，如AWS、Azure和Google Cloud等。
3. 高度可靠：Minio采用分布式架构，提供了高可用性和数据冗余。
4. 灵活性：Minio支持多种存储类，包括S3兼容、文件存储和块存储。
5. 开源：Minio是开源的，可以免费使用并根据需求进行定制。

二、Minio工具类示例代码

1、首先，您需要在项目的pom.xml文件中添加MinIO Java SDK的依赖项。

<dependency>  <groupId>io.minio</groupId>  <artifactId>minio</artifactId>  <version>4.4.0</version>  
</dependency>

2、接下来，您需要创建一个MinIO客户端配置对象，并指定MinIO服务器的URL、访问密钥和秘密密钥。您可以将这些值存储在环境变量或配置文件中。

minio.properties

minio.url=http://127.0.0.1:9000 #MinIO服务所在地址
minio.accessKey=admin #访问的key
minio.secretKey=admin123 #访问的秘钥
minio.bucketName=test #存储桶名称 

3、读取配置类

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import io.minio.MinioClient;@Configuration
public class MinioConfig {/*** 服务地址*/@Value("${minio.url}")private String url;/*** 用户名*/@Value("${minio.accessKey}")private String accessKey;/*** 密码*/@Value("${minio.secretKey}")private String secretKey;@Beanpublic MinioClient getMinioClient() {return MinioClient.builder().endpoint(url).credentials(accessKey, secretKey).build();}}

以下是一个简单的Minio工具类示例代码，用于连接Minio服务器和操作存储桶和对象：

import io.minio.*;
import io.minio.http.Method;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream;public class MinioClientUtil {private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(MinioClientUtil.class);@Autowiredprivate MinioClient minioClient;/*** 服务地址*/@Value("${minio.url}")private String url;/*** 存储桶名称*/@Value("${minio.bucketName}")private String bucketName;public MinioClient getMinioClient() {return minioClient;}// 操作存储桶/*** 创建存储桶** @param bucketName*/public void makeBucket(String bucketName) {try {minioClient.makeBucket(MakeBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build());} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("Error occurred while creating bucket: " + e);}}// 删除存储桶public boolean removeBucket(String bucketName) {try {minioClient.removeBucket(RemoveBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build());return true;} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("Error occurred while removing bucket: " + e);return false;}}// 检查存储桶是否存在public boolean bucketExists(String bucketName) {try {return minioClient.bucketExists(BucketExistsArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build());} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("Error occurred while checking bucket existence: " + e);return false;}}// 上传对象到存储桶中public void putObject(String bucketName, String objectName, InputStream data, long dataSize) throws IOException {try {minioClient.putObject(PutObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(objectName).stream(data, dataSize, -1) // 设置输入流的数据大小和分段大小，-1表示不分段。.build());} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("Error occurred while uploading object: " + e);} finally {if (data != null) {data.close(); // 关闭输入流。}}}//操作文件对象/*** 上传文件* @param file* @param filePath* @return*/public boolean uploadFile(MultipartFile file, String filePath) {boolean b = false;try {PutObjectArgs args = PutObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(filePath).stream(file.getInputStream(), file.getSize(), -1).contentType(file.getContentType()).build();minioClient.putObject(args);b = true;} catch (Exception e) {b = false;log.error("上传文件到minio失败！！" + e.getMessage());}return b;}public String uploadFileByUrl(MultipartFile file, String filePath) {try {PutObjectArgs args = PutObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(filePath).stream(file.getInputStream(), file.getSize(), -1).contentType(file.getContentType()).build();minioClient.putObject(args);} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("上传文件到minio失败！！" + e.getMessage());}return url + "/" + bucketName + "/" + filePath;}/*** 附件下载** @param attachmentName         附件原始名称* @param attachmentNameInServer 存储在文件服务器中的附件名称* @param httpServletResponse    httpServletResponse*/public void download(String attachmentName, String attachmentNameInServer,HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {try {StatObjectResponse statObjectResponse = minioClient.statObject(StatObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(attachmentNameInServer).build());httpServletResponse.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(attachmentName, "UTF-8"));httpServletResponse.setContentType(statObjectResponse.contentType());// httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/octet-stream");httpServletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");InputStream inputStream = minioClient.getObject(GetObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(attachmentNameInServer).build());IOUtils.copy(inputStream, httpServletResponse.getOutputStream());} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("minio下载文件失败！！" + e.getMessage());}}/*** 获取预览URL 注：.txt的附件会乱码，PDF正常 注：默认有效期7天** @param bucketName             桶名称* @param attachmentNameInServer 存储在文件服务器中的附件名称* @return*/public String getPresignedUrl(String bucketName, String attachmentNameInServer) {try {minioClient.statObject(StatObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(attachmentNameInServer).build());return minioClient.getPresignedObjectUrl(GetPresignedObjectUrlArgs.builder().method(Method.GET).bucket(bucketName).object(attachmentNameInServer).build());} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("minio生成文件临时分享链接失败！！" + e.getMessage());}}/*** 删除附件** @param bucketName             桶名称* @param attachmentNameInServer 存储在文件服务器中的附件名称*/public void remove(String bucketName, String attachmentNameInServer) {try {minioClient.removeObject(RemoveObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(attachmentNameInServer).build());} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("minio删除文件失败！！" + e.getMessage());}}public InputStream getFileInputStream(String attachmentNameInServer) {InputStream inputStream = null;try {inputStream = minioClient.getObject(GetObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(attachmentNameInServer).build());} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("minio下载文件失败！！" + e.getMessage());}return inputStream;}/*** 多图片zip下载*/public void batchDownload(List<String> filenames, String zip, HttpServletResponse res, HttpServletRequestreq) {try {BucketExistsArgs bucketArgs = BucketExistsArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build();boolean bucketExists = minioClient.bucketExists(bucketArgs);BufferedOutputStream bos = null;res.reset();bos = new BufferedOutputStream(res.getOutputStream());ZipOutputStream out = new ZipOutputStream(bos);res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");for (int i = 0; i < filenames.size(); i++) {GetObjectArgs objectArgs = GetObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(filenames.get(i)).build();InputStream object = minioClient.getObject(objectArgs);byte buf[] = new byte[1024];int length = 0;res.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");res.setContentType("application/force-download");// 设置强制下载不打开res.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Content-Disposition");res.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filenameEncoding(zip, req) + ".zip");out.putNextEntry(new ZipEntry(filenames.get(i).substring(filenames.get(i).lastIndexOf("/") + 1)));while ((length = object.read(buf)) > 0) {out.write(buf, 0, length);}}out.close();bos.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public static String filenameEncoding(String filename, HttpServletRequest request) throwsUnsupportedEncodingException {// 获得请求头中的User-AgentString agent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");// 根据不同的客户端进行不同的编码if (agent.contains("MSIE")) {// IE浏览器filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");} else if (agent.contains("Firefox")) {// 火狐浏览器BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();filename = "=?utf-8?B?" + base64Encoder.encode(filename.getBytes("utf-8")) + "?=";} else {// 其它浏览器filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");}return filename;}
}

三、总结

MinIO是一个高性能、可扩展、易用的开源对象存储服务。它兼容亚马逊S3云存储服务接口，可以方便地与现有的工具和生态系统集成。MinIO以其卓越的性能、可扩展性和易用性而闻名，适用于各种场景下的数据存储需求。无论是在单机环境下还是在分布式环境下，MinIO都可以提供可靠、高效的数据存储解决方案。