简介

常用的调用第三方接口的方式：方式一：使用RestTemplate方法方式二：使用原始httpClient请求方式三：使用Feign进行消费通过HTTPClient进行访问第三方接口。但是过程比较复杂，Feign比较适合在springCLoud多模块项目中使用，所以平时基本都是使用RestTemplate方式，这样比较简洁，下面说一下RestTemplate简单的使用。

依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置类

注入RestTmeplate

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Slf4j
@Component
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {@Beanpublic RestTemplate restTemplate(@Qualifier("ClientHttpRequestFactory")ClientHttpRequestFactory factory){log.info("RestTemplate初始化完成");return new RestTemplate(factory);}@Beanpublic ClientHttpRequestFactory ClientHttpRequestFactory(){SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();factory.setConnectTimeout(15000);factory.setReadTimeout(5000);return factory;}
}

工具类

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import java.util.Map;@Component
public class RestTemplateUtil {@Autowiredprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;// ----------------------------------GET-------------------------------------------------------/*** GET请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> get(String url, Class<T> responseType) {return restTemplate.getForEntity(url, responseType);}/*** GET请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> get(String url, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {return restTemplate.getForEntity(url, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** GET请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> get(String url, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {return restTemplate.getForEntity(url, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的GET请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> get(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return get(url, httpHeaders, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的GET请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> get(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpEntity<?> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<>(headers);return exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的GET请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> get(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return get(url, httpHeaders, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的GET请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> get(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpEntity<?> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<>(headers);return exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}// ----------------------------------POST-------------------------------------------------------/*** POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @return*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, Class<T> responseType) {return restTemplate.postForEntity(url, HttpEntity.EMPTY, responseType);}/*** POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType) {return restTemplate.postForEntity(url, requestBody, responseType);}/*** POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {return restTemplate.postForEntity(url, requestBody, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {return restTemplate.postForEntity(url, requestBody, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return post(url, httpHeaders, requestBody, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody, headers);return post(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return post(url, httpHeaders, requestBody, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody, headers);return post(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 自定义请求头和请求体的POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestEntity 请求头和请求体封装对象* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {return restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 自定义请求头和请求体的POST请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestEntity 请求头和请求体封装对象* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> post(String url, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {return restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}// ----------------------------------PUT-------------------------------------------------------/*** PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {return put(url, HttpEntity.EMPTY, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody);return put(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody);return put(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return put(url, httpHeaders, requestBody, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody, headers);return put(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return put(url, httpHeaders, requestBody, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody, headers);return put(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 自定义请求头和请求体的PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestEntity 请求头和请求体封装对象* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {return restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.PUT, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 自定义请求头和请求体的PUT请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestEntity 请求头和请求体封装对象* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> put(String url, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {return restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.PUT, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}// ----------------------------------DELETE-------------------------------------------------------/*** DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {return delete(url, HttpEntity.EMPTY, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {return delete(url, HttpEntity.EMPTY, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody);return delete(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody);return delete(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return delete(url, httpHeaders, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(headers);return delete(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return delete(url, httpHeaders, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(headers);return delete(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return delete(url, httpHeaders, requestBody, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody, headers);return delete(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();httpHeaders.setAll(headers);return delete(url, httpHeaders, requestBody, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 带请求头的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param headers 请求头参数* @param requestBody 请求参数体* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, HttpHeaders headers, Object requestBody, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(requestBody, headers);return delete(url, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 自定义请求头和请求体的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestEntity 请求头和请求体封装对象* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {return restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.DELETE, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 自定义请求头和请求体的DELETE请求调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param requestEntity 请求头和请求体封装对象* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> delete(String url, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {return restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.DELETE, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}// ----------------------------------通用方法-------------------------------------------------------/*** 通用调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param method 请求方法类型* @param requestEntity 请求头和请求体封装对象* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，按顺序依次对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(String url, HttpMethod method, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables) {return restTemplate.exchange(url, method, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}/*** 通用调用方式** @param url 请求URL* @param method 请求方法类型* @param requestEntity 请求头和请求体封装对象* @param responseType 返回对象类型* @param uriVariables URL中的变量，与Map中的key对应* @return ResponseEntity 响应对象封装类*/public  <T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(String url, HttpMethod method, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity, Class<T> responseType, Map<String, ?> uriVariables) {return restTemplate.exchange(url, method, requestEntity, responseType, uriVariables);}
}

测试接口

编写接口测试方法

    @GetMapping("/csRestTemplate")private void valid(String path) {ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity =  restTemplateUtil.get("http://127.0.0.1:10393/mock/8317fdbb-3623-43de-b093-dc5a5abd68c0/mock/8317fdbb-3623-43de-b093-dc5a5abd68c0/mock/8317fdbb-3623-43de-b093-dc5a5abd68c0/srApi/GetDevSwitchInfo?apipost_id=47e32d",String.class);System.out.println(responseEntity);}

接收到数据根据数据格式创建实体类可以转为JSON数据进行转换

 JSONObject msEncap =  JSON.parseObject(String.valueOf(responseEntity.getBody()));List<> devSignalLampInfoDTOS = JSON.parseArray(msEncap.getString("Data"), .class);

查看RestTemplate是否注入成功

测试结果