初中英语必背口诀和词语,十个中考英语语法速记口诀总结
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一、冠词基本用法
「速记口诀」
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,
可数名词单,须用a或an,
辅音前用a, an在元音前,
若为特指时,则须用定冠,
复数不可数,泛指the不见,
碰到代词时,冠词均不现。
「妙语诠释」 冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一,也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有:①名词在一般情况下不单用,常常要和冠词连用;②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,确指时要用定冠词the;③如复数名词表示泛指,名词前有this,these,my,some等时就不用冠词。
二、名词单数变复数规则
「速记口诀」
单数变复数,规则要记住,
末尾字母o,大多加s,
两人有两菜,es不离口,
词尾f、fe,s前有v和e;
没有规则词,必须单独记。
「妙语诠释」 ①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾),则一般加es;②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;④英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如child—children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese—Chinese,ox—oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth.
三、名词所有格用法
「速记口诀」
名词所有格,表物是“谁的”,
若为生命词,加“‘s”即可行,
词尾有s,仅把逗号择;
并列名词后,各自和共有,
前者分别加,后者最后加;
若为无生命词,of所有格,
前后须倒置,此是硬规则。
「妙语诠释」 ①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加“‘”;②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加“’s”,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加“‘s”;③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A.
四、接不定式作宾语的动词
「速记口诀」
三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;
设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。
「妙语诠释」 三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择:petend,choose
五、接动名词作宾语的动词
「速记口诀」
Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag. (P.布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。)
「妙语诠释」 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语,这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是:
M=mind, r=risk, s=succeed in,P=practice,B=be busy, l=look forward to,a=admit,c=can‘t help, k=keep on, m=miss,i=insist on,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay,
a=avoid,b=be worth,a=advise,g=give up.
六、不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词
「速记口诀」
一感,二听,三让,四看,半帮助
「妙语诠释」 一感:feel;二听:hear,listen to;三让:make,let,have;四看:see,notice,watch,ob-serve;半帮助:help.
七、形容词和副词比较等级用法
「速记口诀」
1. 比较级与最高级:两者比较than相连,三者比较the在前。
2.同级比较:同级比较用原形,as…as永不离;as…as加not,只言两者是同一,若是not so…as,后强前弱不看齐。
「妙语诠释」 ①比较级通常和than连用,而最高级通常跟有定冠词the;②同级比较一般用as…as表示“与…一样”,这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来,而not so…as则表示后者比前者强,翻译为“不如……”。
八、反意疑问句用法
「速记口诀」
反意问句三要点,前后谓语正相反;
短句not如出现,必须缩写是习惯;
最后一点应注意,短句主语代词填。
「妙语诠释」 ①反意疑问句的构成应该是“肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问”或“否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问”;②在短句中not必须与do,will,can等组成缩写形式;③在简短问句中,疑问句的主语必须是代词,而不能用名词形式。
九、感叹句用法
「速记口诀」
感叹句,并不难,what、how放句前;
强调名词用what,其余用how很简单。
「妙语诠释」 由what引导的感叹句一般修饰名词,而how引导的感叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子。
十、宾语从句用法
「速记口诀」
宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
「妙语诠释」 宾语从句应注意三点:①引导词,陈述句一般由that引导,这时的that可以省略;一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导;而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态,主句是现在时态,从句可用所需要的任何时态;但如果主句是过去时态,从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序,宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。
2、初中英语必背口诀和词语,能动英语这些词汇
中考英语高频动词&高频短语动词专讲专练,下面我们就来聊聊关于初中英语必背口诀和词语?接下来我们就一起去了解一下吧!
初中英语必背口诀和词语
中考英语高频动词&高频短语动词专讲专练
高频动词
1. add加;增加 add ... to
2. advise建议 advise sb. (not) to do sth.; advise doing sth.
3. afford负担得起 (can / can’t) afford to do sth.
4. arrive到达 arrive in / at some place = get to / reach some place
5. connect连接 connect ... with / and
6. decide决定 (名词形式decision)
decide to do sth.; make a / the decision (to do sth.)
7. die死亡 (过去式,过去分词died,现在分词dying)
die of / from / down / out (dead表示死亡的状态)
8. dress穿衣服 dress sb.; be dressed up as; get dressed
9. expect期待 expect (sb.) to do sth.
10. hear听见
hear about; hear of; hear sb. / sth. do / doing sth.
11. hope希望 hope to do sth.; hope that从句
12. invite邀请
invite sb. to do sth.; invite sb. to some place
13. join参加;加入 join the club / party (take part in参加)
14. keep保留;保持;使继续处于某种状态
keep adj.; keep sb. / sth. adj.; keep doing sth.; keep sb. doing sth.
15. lead引导;带领 lead sb. to some place; lead to sth.
16. learn学习
learn to do sth.; learn from sb.; learn by oneself
17. lie平躺(过去式lay,过去分词lain,现在分词lying) lie down
18. lose丢失(反义词find) lose sth.; get lost; find out; find it adj. to do sth. / that从句
19. marry结婚 marry sb.; get / be married
20. mix(使)混合,融合 mix ... with ...; mix together
21. offer提供
offer sb. sth.; offer sth. to sb.; offer to do sth.
22. prefer更喜欢
prefer sth. to sth.; prefer to do / doing sth.
23. prepare准备 prepare sth. / for sth.
24. protect保护 protect sb. from (doing) sth.
25. provide提供
provide sb. with sth.; provide sth. for / to sb.
26. remain逗留;保持 remain (to be) adj.
27. reply回答;答复 reply to sth.
28. save救;节省;避免
save sb. / sth. from sth. / from doing sth.
29. seem看来;似乎 seem to do / be; It seems that ...
30. sell卖 (反义词buy)
sell sb. sth.; sell sth. (to sb.); buy sb. sth.; buy sth. (for sb.)
31. share共用;分享 share sth. with sb.
32. show展示
show sb. around some place; show sb. sth.; show sth. to sb.; show up; show off
33. sound听起来好像
sound adj.; sound like a(n) ...
34. succeed成功 succeed in doing sth.
35. suggest建议 suggest doing sth.; suggest that ...
36. suppose猜想;相信;认为
be supposed to; suppose that从句
37. taste有……的味道;品尝 taste adj.
38. teach教
teach sb. to do sth.; teach sb. sth.; teach sth. to sb.
39. try设法;尝试;努力
try to do sth.; try doing sth.; try one’s best to do sth.
40. warn警告 warn sb. (not) to do sth.
41. win赢(近义词beat) win the match; win a prize; beat sb. / a team
42. wish但愿;希望
wish sb. sth.; wish to do sth.; wish that从句
高频短语动词
about短语
be sure about确信;对……有把握
care about关心;在意
come about发生
hear about听说;得知
talk about谈论
think about思考;思索
be serious about对……认真
learn about了解
worry about担心
write about编写;写作
after短语
look after照料;照顾
take after (外貌或行为)像
at短语
laugh at嘲笑
look at看
look back at回首(往事);回忆;回顾
point at指着
shout at ...冲……大声叫嚷
away短语
get away离开;脱身
give away赠送;捐赠
go away离开
put away收起;收拾好
run away逃走;逃跑
sweep away扫去
take away带走;拿走
throw away扔掉;抛弃
back短语
bring back恢复;使想起;归还
call (sb.) back (给某人)回电话
go back回去
talk back回嘴;顶嘴
by短语
drop by顺便访问;随便进入
go by (时间)逝去;过去
pass by路过;经过
down短语
break down出故障;坏掉
calm down冷静下来
close down (永久)关闭;关停
count down倒数;倒计时
cut down砍倒
die down逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
fall down突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌
let ... down使失望
lie down躺下
look down俯视
pull down摧毁
put ... down拆下;摧毁
sit down坐下
take down拆除;往下拽;记录
turn down把……调低;关小;拒绝
write down写下;记录下
for短语
ask for要求
care for照顾;非常喜欢
die for为……而死
look for寻找;寻求
pay for付费;付出代价
prepare for为……做好准备
stand for是……的缩写;代表
wait for等待;等候
from短语
come from来自
hear from接到(某人的)信、电话等
keep ... away from避免接近;远离
separate from分离;隔开
in短语
believe in信任;信赖
hand in提交;上交
join in参加
take in吸入;吞入(体内)
take part in参加
take pride in为……感到自豪
into短语
divide ... into把……分开
get into陷入;参与
translate ... into把……翻译成
turn ... into变成
walk into走路时撞着
of短语
be proud of对……感到自豪
die of死于……
feel ashamed of对……感到羞愧
get out of离开;从……出来
run out of用尽;耗尽
take care of照顾;处理
think of认为;想起
off短语
burn off烧掉;消耗掉
call off取消;决定终止
clean ... off把……擦掉
cut off切除
fall off ...从……跌落
get off下车
go off离开;(闹钟)发出响声
put off推迟
set off动身;出发
show off炫耀
shut off关闭;停止运转
take off脱下(衣服);(飞机等)起飞
turn off关掉
on短语
come on快点儿
depend on取决于;决定于;依靠;信赖
hang on稍等
put on增加(体重);发胖;穿;戴
turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开
out短语
blow out吹灭
break out爆发;发生
bring out使显现;使表现出
check out察看;观察
clear out清理;丢掉
come out出版;问世
cut out删除;删去
eat out出去吃饭
fill out填写;填充
find out查明;弄清
give out分发;散发
go out外出(娱乐)
hand out分发
hang out闲逛;常去某处
help out (帮助……)分担工作;解决难题
lay out摆开;布置
leave out忽略;不提及;不包括
look out当心;注意
point out指出;指明
put out扑灭
read out朗读;宣读
sell out卖光
set out出发;启程
take out拿出;取出
try out参加……选拔;试用
work out成功地发展;解决
over短语
fall over绊倒
go over复习;练习
through短语
go through穿过
look through快速查看;浏览
put through接通(电话)
to短语
belong to属于
be / get used to习惯于
look forward to盼望;期待
look up to钦佩;仰慕
pay attention to注意;关注
stick to坚持;固守
up短语
call up打电话给(某人);征召
cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来
clean up打扫(或清除)干净
cut up切碎
dress up装扮;乔装打扮
end up最终成为;最后处于
fix up修理;装饰
get up起床;站起
give up放弃
grow up长大;成熟;成长
hurry up赶快;急忙(做某事)
look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅;抬头看
make up编造(故事、谎言等)
mix up弄错;弄乱
pick up接电话;捡起;学会
put up搭起;举起;张贴;公布
set up建起;设立
show up赶到;露面
take up (尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做
turn up开大;调高(音量、热量等)
wake up醒;醒来
with短语
agree with sb.同意某人
catch up with sb.赶上某人
compare ... with ...比较;对比
deal with应对;处理
get on with和睦相处;关系良好
part with放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)
考例链接
( )1. —When will Mr. Green ______ Beijing?
—In a week.
A. reach B. get
C. arrive D. come
(2016广西贵港)
( )2. Some people think it’s the parents’ job to ______ their children ______ a clean and comfortable environment at home.
A. offer; to B. offer; with
C. provide; with D. provide; to
(2016广西玉林防城港、崇左)
( )3. Don’t worry! I’m sure you’ll ______ your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them.
A. catch up with B. be pleased with
C. get on well with D. agree with
(2016内蒙古呼和浩特)
( )4. If the customer rings up for me again, please ______ the call to the sales department.
A. run through B. look through
C. go through D. put through
(2016江苏苏州)
( )5. —Are you going to have a part-time job during the summer vacation?
—Yes. I think I shouldn’t always ______ my parents since I’ve grown up.
A. fight against B. argue with
C. hear from D. depend on
(2016湖北襄阳)
( )6. —Would you please help me ______ the invitations to all my friends?
—Sure. You’d better let me know their phone numbers.
A. make up B. clean out C. give out
(2016青海)
( )7. —Why do you ______ Bill?
—Because he is a hero.
A. look up to B. look up
C. look through D. look like
(2016广西贵港)
( )8. More and more people have realized that we shouldn’t ______ the ancient buildings in cities.
A. get off B. put off
C. cut down D. pull down
(2016山东济南)
( )9. —Let’s go out for dinner.
—Great! But Clean-Up Day is two weeks from now. We can’t ______ making a plan.
A. take off B. see off
C. put off D. cut off
(2016辽宁丹东)
( )10. Our teacher ______ a bookshelf at the back of our classroom to make a small reading corner.
A. picked up B. put up
C. took up D. got up
(2016江苏常州)
( )11. —Which would you like to read, paper books or e-books?
—My parents only allow me to read paper books. They ______ my eyes.
A. talk about B. hear about
C. learn about D. worry about
(2016江苏镇江)
( )12. —This summer a lot of athletes will go to Brazil to ______ the 2016 Rio Olympics.
—I love sports and I can’t wait to enjoy the exciting moments.
A. take part in B. take pride in C. take in
(2016广东深圳)
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